The combination of hermeneutics and medicine provides the theoretical basis for narrative medicine. Narrative medicine presents hermeneutic characteristics including reflection on medical practice， doctor - patient narrative language，medical text information，disease impacts and implications，and doctor - patient communication barriers. However，there are still some hermeneutic doubts about the authenticity and credibility of the doctor - patient narrative and the objective difficulties of narrative medicine practice. Properly understanding the original intention of narrative medicine and critically thinking about the challenges in its theory and practice will guarantee a rational attitude towards the current research hotspot of narrative medicine.