In recent years，research on the high - quality development of China’s basic medical insurance system has become a hot topic in academic research. By searching and reviewing the relevant literature，this article obtained 27 valid journal papers，then extracted and analyzed the content of the papers. The result shows academia has conducted multi-dimensional explorations，including the connotation of high-quality development of the basic medical insurance system，internal construction problems and external challenges，countermeasures and pathways. While it has achieved certain research results，further in-depth research is still lacking in several core issues such as the basic connotation，practical challenges，implementation paths，and evaluation system of the high-quality development within the basic medical insurance system.