Based on the database of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2011 to 2020，this paper employed the multi - state life table method to measure the disability - free life expectancy， depression-free life expectancy，and disability-and depression-free life expectancy of older adults aged 60 to 90 using the“married”and“widowed”as classification markers across the dimensions of physical，mental，and overall health. The results show that:（1）Compared to married older adults，widowed older adults have lower average life expectancy，healthy life expectancy，and life quality index，yet have a higher proportion of disability-free life expectancy in the remaining life expectancy.（2）Older female adults have longer average life expectancy and disability - free life expectancy. However，the depression - free life expectancy of young older female adults is shorter than that of males of the same age，and male older adults show a higher proportion of healthy life expectancy in the remaining life expectancy under all three standards.（3）Widowhood reduces the healthy life expectancy at a greater and faster reduction rate among males compared to females，and widowing has a greater impact on the physical and mental health of men，and the gender difference in healthy life expectancy of widowed older adults is greater than that of married counterparts. This study revealed the health disparities between married and widowed older adults，expanding the research findings on the impact of widowhood on healthy life expectancy among Chinese older adults.