This study aims to understand the current status of healthcare services in rural age - friendly communities in Anhui Province and optimize the quality of these services. Based on the New Public Service theory，it establishes a dual-layer analytical framework combining material and psychological aspects. The study selects six rural age-friendly communities in Anhui Province as research objects through stratified sampling. The study finds that the surveyed communities face prominent issues，including low prevalence of age - friendly renovations，uneven distribution of medical insurance resources，a weak sense of ownership among older adults，and a lack of motivation for participation. Accordingly，this paper proposes strategies such as optimizing the demand - based mechanism for age -friendly renovations，promoting balanced allocation of regional medical resources，innovating public facilities management models，and establishing a progressive governance system for older adults to participate in decision - making. These strategies aim to promote the transformation of healthcare services in rural age - friendly communities in Anhui Province from“basic security”to“quality - development”type and provide references for national aging governance work.