Innovation and entrepreneurship education in higher education helps college students gain a comprehensive understanding of entrepreneurship and serves as an important link between university professional learning and practical application in the industry. Innovation and entrepreneurship education in specialized institutions，under the goal of cultivating entrepreneurial intentions，particularly needs to develop a curriculum system that reflect its distinctive characteristics. This paper collects data from 1 209 students in 41 public medical undergraduate institutions in 27 provinces，autonomous regions，and municipalities directly under the Central Government across the country to explore the relationship among innovation and entrepreneurship learning depth，learning breadth，autonomous motivation，and entrepreneurial intention among medical students.. The results show that the learning depth has a significant positive impact on entrepreneurial intentions，while the breadth of innovation and entrepreneurship learning mediates the relationship between learning depth and entrepreneurial intentions. Autonomous learning motivation has a positive moderating effect in the relationship between learning depth and entrepreneurial intentions. The results of the heterogeneity analysis indicate that innovation and entrepreneurship learning depth is more likely to stimulate the entrepreneurial intentions among male student，students with urban household registration，and students majoring in non-medical majors at medical universities.