Modern botany in China can be traced back to the Republic era. When medical plants gained rising attention due to the introduction of Western academic systems and collective efforts driven by various forces. The emergence of medical botanical gardens in the 1930s was the result of the convergence of these multiple factors. The establishment of the experimental medicinal planting at Jiangsu Provincial Medical and Political College attracted widespread attention at that time and sparked a trend for the construction of medicinal botanical gardens. After 1937，it relocated to continue developing in the southwest area，laying the foundation for contemporary medicinal plant research in China. This study investigates the experimental medicinal planting site and its impact at Jiangsu Provincial Medical and Political College，aiming to understand the development trajectory of medicinal plants research during the Republic era.