To scientifically evaluate the sustainable development capacity of the employee medical insurance fund，this paper constructs an evaluation system based on the DPSIR model and adopts the entropy weight comprehensive index method to determine the weights of each indicator， and calculates the comprehensive evaluation value. The results show that there are overall regional disparities in the sustainable development capacity of the employee medical insurance fund across eastern，central and western regions in 2022. The differences between the eastern，central，and western regions are evident in the driving force and state dimensions，while the differences are relatively small in the pressure，impact and response dimensions. From 2013 to 2022，the sustainable development capacity of the employee medical insurance fund generally followed an overall upward trend，with a steady increase in the comprehensive evaluation value. Specifically， the driving force，state and influence indicators showed an overall increasing trend，while the pressure and response indicators presented a decreasing trend. These findings suggest further improving fundraising channels， strengthening the management of medical insurance expenses，optimizing the allocation of healthcare resources， and enhancing the policy innovation capacity to achieve sustainable development of the employee medical insurance fund.