The "one-stop" student community in medical universities serves as a crucial field for cultural education beyond the classroom for implementing the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education and cultivating the medical humanistic spirit. Based on Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory, the study analyzes the practical challenges encountered in cultural education within "one-stop" student communities at medical universities from three dimensions: fields, capital, and habitus. Insufficient field construction weakens the participation of educational actors; inadequate capital integration results in ineffective consolidation of educational resources. The absence of habitus cultivation undermines the guidance role of value in cultural education. In response, targeted measures should be implemented to promote field integration, integrate diverse forms of capital, and reconstruct scientific habitus, with the aim of providing theoretical references and practical guidance for the high-quality development of "one-stop" student communities in medical universities.