【】Objective To provide suggestions for improving urban resident basic medical insurance, we study the college students’ assessments on the medical insurance. Methods In 2014, 2233 students in Nanjing were investigated with the multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method and a questionnaire survey was conducted among students. Descriptive analysis and chi-square test were mainly used to analyze data. Results The college students’ assessment on medical insurance was about 34.2%. The chi-square test revealed that these factors were statistically significant: with or without medical background (χ₂=17.930, P<0.01),city or village (χ₂=7.409, P<0.05), grade (χ₂= 44.626, P<0.01), feel sick or not in the recent four weeks (χ₂=11.257, P<0.01), evaluation on the function of insurance (χ₂=209.641, P<0.01), submit an expense account or not (χ₂=113.408, P<0.01).Conclusion College students think poorly of urban resident basic insurance because of student’ major,city or village, grade, and the narrow benefit area, the welfare in the low degree, and besides students’ bad command of the insurance. As a result, suggestions are put forward to improve students’ assessment on the medical insurance that we can broaden the benefit area, raise the level of medical care and increase the propaganda.