Objective: To study basic situation of medical disputes, analyze the causes and influences, explore the countermeasures of defusing medical disputes and provide decision-making references for the construction of harmonious doctor-patient relationship. Methods: The author based on the questionnaire survey, collected information about medical disputes of tertiary hospitals and part of county level comprehensive hospitals in the province from 2011-2013, and statistical analysis. Results: The number of medical disputes and compensation increased，incidence of medical disputes dropped year by year; the government was insufficient on health investment, allocation of resources was unreasonable; non-medical technical fault became the main cause of medical dispute; “medical trouble” was frequent , the situation of doctor harmed and money wasted should not be underestimated；doctor-patient consultation was still the main treatment way，but interference factors increase the difficulty of the fair treatment. Conclusions: Government should accelerate the exploration of classified medical system; insist the supremacy of the needs of patients；medical liability insurance system must be implemented; professional regulations ought to be issued to prevent malignant medical trouble events.