Objective: To explore the effect of health behaviors of diabetics on health-related quality of life. Methods: All diabetes patients from the household health survey in Jiangsu Province from the 5th National Health Services Survey were included in this study. Socioeconomic status, quality of life, health behaviors and body mass index were analyzed. The effects of health behaviors and body mass index on quality of life were analyzed by stepwise OLS regressions. Results: The prevalence of diabetes in Jiangsu was 4.19%. After socioeconomic status variables controlled for, low weight had the strongest negative effect on diabetics’ quality of life. Exercising 3-5 times per week had the same effect size with those exercising 6 time and more, both positively associated with quality of life. Drinking at least 3 times weekly had significant positive relationship with diabetics’ quality of life. Conclusions: Enhancing exercise frequency has positive effect on improving the quality of life of diabetes patients. Diabetics with low weight are more likely to have lower level of quality of life. And the association between drinking and quality of life among diabetics need further studies.