Objective To understand College Students' willingness to perform CPR first aid in Nanjing area, explore ways to improve the willingness of it. Method Taking convenience sampling method to investigate the CPR first aid willingness of college students in Nanjing area. Results More than 90% of college students are willing to perform chest cardiac massage (CCM). The ratio of mouth to mouth resuscitation (MMR) to strangers is much lower than the rate of MMR to their relatives (68% vs. 88%, P<0.007). There is a significant difference between the female college students' willingness to strangers and their relatives of the rescue of MMR (P<0.007). The willingness of Medical students to perform MMR for strangers is significantly lower than that for their relatives (66% vs. 95%, p<0.007), however, non medical students had no significant difference between them (p>0.007). The students' main psychological obstacles that impact strangers rescue is afraid not to save the wounded, followed by the fear of being blackmailed. Conclusion The willingness of College students in Nanjing to rescue strangers is not high. Strengthening scientific training, formulating rescue protection law and cracking down on medical trouble and injury medical incidents and carrying out the education of socialist core values for children are the main ways to improve the first-aid intention.