Objective To investigate patients’ cognition of the status and influencing factors of doctor-patient relationship, to analyze factors that affect patients’ cognition and propose specific suggestions. Methods ASself-designedSquestionnaireSwas employed to investigateSpatients’ perspective in four comprehensive hospitals(Nanjing, middle ,south and north of Jiangsu). TheSPearsonScorrelationSand chi-square test were computed to assess the results. Results 79.2% of patients gave 70 points or above to doctor-patient relationship; More than 40% of the patients know very little about related problems on medical reform; Patients believe the most important three factors on harmonious of the doctor-patient relationship are the high cost of medical treatment, market economy influence and medical service attitude; Conclusion The doctor-patient relationship is not as nervous as the vision of social perception. To build a harmonious relationship between doctors and patients ,we should build new official media communication platform and Guide patients cognition.