Abstract: Objective: To?investigate?the?effect?of?socioeconomic?status?on?the?prevalence?of dementia?in?China.?Methods: Cluster sampling method was used to choose 7072?elderly?residents (≥60?years?old) from six?provinces?(cities)?in China?,“10/66”algorithm in international dementia project was used to screen the positive cases in household?survey. Results: 360?elderly?people we- re?diagnosed?as?dementia.?The?prevalence?rate?of?dementia?was?5.1%.?Single,?low?education and?low?income?which?are?socioeconomic?status'?factors,??they?are?also?risk?factors?for?dementia.? Conclusion: For?the dementia,?the?risk?of?people?who?had?high socioeconomic status?were?lower than?the?people?who?had low?socioeconomic status.