Objective: To explore the status of activities of daily living (ADL) and its influencing factors among elderly population from five provinces (cities) in China. Methods: Cluster sampling method was used to choose residents (≥60 years old) from five provinces (cities) in China , Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used to analyze influential factors. Results: Among the 5282 respondents, 4862 (92.0%) of the respondents were able to take care of themselves completely, 420 (8.0%) were partially or completely unable to take care of themselves). The binary logistic regression indicated that living in rural communities(OR=1.90,95%CI：1.51~2.41)、not in marriage(OR=1.67,95%CI ：1.30~2.13)、low income(OR=1.77,95%CI：1.06~2.97)、non-solitary(OR=2.90,95%CI：1.85~4.56)、no hobbies(OR=2.55,95%CI：2.03~3.21)、negative life events(OR=2.23,95%CI：1.76~2.81)、chronic disease(OR=1.28,95%CI：1.02~1.61)、visual impairment(OR=1.54,95%CI：1.20~1.98)、not satisfied with life(OR=3.85,95%CI：2.32~6.40). Conclusion: The ADL damage of the aged people in five provinces (cities) in China is influenced by many factors. Government should focus on the risk factors and provide references for making targeted prevention and intervention measures.