【Abstract】Objective Through the investigation of cognition degree and attitude of blood donors participating in volunteer blood donors in the three citys of Anhui province,system of understanding and analysis of volunteer blood donation problems,in order to provide targeted intervention blood donation behavior and recruitment strategy.Methods Using the self-designed questionnaire to investigated the blood donors in the three citys, random select one of each blood collection points respectively in the three citys to collect data,use epiata to build a library and analysis the conclusion in spss 17.0.Results Blood donation policy witting rate was 59.6%,score of 5.96±1.73 points.Blood donation knowledge witting rate was 65.7%,score of 17.75±3.58 points.Under the age of 40 blood donors accounted for 75% of the total population,the initial blood donors accounted for 43.7% of the total number of investigations,repeat blood donors accounted for 50.4%.Repeat blood donors offer the relevant knowledge to master the degree is higher than the initial blood donors,factors affecting donor repeat blood donation are regional differences, occupational differences, and whether the family blood donation.Most of the people who do not want to repeat blood donation are afraid of pain and fear of infectious diseases.Conclusions Volunteer blood donors in Anhui Province to be improved knowledge and behavior.In the future should strengthening the exemplary role, the development of targeted health education, to expand the ranks of volunteer blood donation.At the same time,in order to consolidate and retain existing blood donors, for improve the incentive mechanism and blood donation and the propaganda of blood donation is good for your health,to provide adequate protection for the clinical use of blood .