Objective:To analyze the necessity of setting up a special department of cardiovascular disease in county level hospitals of Guizhou Province.Method: Seven counties in Guizhou Province were randomly selected as the study area, and a detailed list of the cost of new rural cooperative medical system (NRCMS) was obtained from each county agricultural cooperative agency in 2015-2016. Using spss20.0 software Data were analyzed for the data obtained.Result:From 2015 to 2016, the number of hospitalized patients with cardiovascular disease in 7 counties and the number of patients flowing to the county showed an increasing trend. The total cost of hospitalization, self-paid and compensatory expenses were statistically significant (p < 0.001).Conclusion:In some of the relatively mature conditions of the county hospital to promote cardiovascular disease specialist construction, whether it is on the patient, the hospital itself or the new rural cooperative medical fund, the spirit of national health care reform is of great significance.