Purpose:To Understand disease composition and cost of hospitalization of college students in AnHui province, and provide the reference for colleges to better carry out preventive care work, and improve college students' medical security system. Methods: Through the college students' health information platform, students’hospitalization information was collected from 2015 to 2016 of one college in AnHui province, and the data was analyzed by using SPSS20.0. Results: During the two years,the total number of students’in the hospital was 425,and the total hospitalization rate was 0.8%. The top five diseases which lead to college students in the hospital were diseases of the digestive system,respiratory system diseases,accidental injury, tumor and Infectious diseases. More than 95% of the hospitalization cost were between 5000 yuan and 20000 yuan. The boy's accidental injury hospitalization rate(0.8%) was higher than the girls’(0.7%), and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: It’s crowded in school,so diseases of the digestive system, respiratory system diseases and infectious diseases occurred frequently,the tumors caused heavy economic burden,students’ sub-health status couldn’t be ignored,out-of-pocket costs were still high after the reimbursement.