Objective Analysis of 4 years changes in the cost of diabetes patients and their composition,provide reference for the system design,cost control, health resource use and economical burden. Methods Analyze the medical record data of a Nanjing 3A hospital during January,2013~December,2016,and was divided into different groups according to years,ages,medical insurance type and complication disease.The medical costs for patients was statistically described and analysis in variance. Results From 2013 to 2016, diabetes increased ,the hospitalization cost increases too,and the rates of drug cost decreased.There was significantly different between the over age of 60 elderly hospital fees and other age group.Different kinds of social security groups has significant difference of hospitalization fees, self-paying group has the lowest hospitalization fee than other groups. The more complication disease, the higher hospitalization fee. Conclusion Diabetes patients hospitalization fee is associated with age,medical insurance type,complication disease.Great efforts should be taken to improve the patients’ survival quality and reduce the economic burden by standard treatment,through enhancing prevention and control and designing reasonable system.