Abstract: Objective: To show the changes of medical insurance costs in a large hospital before and after the medical price reform in public hospitals in Jiangsu Province from the perspective of clinical departments, and to explore the effectiveness and problems of the reform. Methods: Collected and comparedthe data of two major representative clinical departments (oncology and urology) before and after the reform of a large public hospital. Results: The medical price reform has achieved some success in the optimization of medical expenses structure, improving the labor value of medical workers, controlling health insurance costs grow too fast.Conclusion: There is room for further improvement in the establishment of scientific and rational measures such as cost measurement methods, adjustment mechanisms and regulatory mechanisms.