Objective: To understand the problems in the use of medical oxygen in the medical institutions, and to explore effective measures to ensure the safety and effects in the medical use of medical oxygen. Methods: The use of medical oxygen in 26 tertiary medical institutions in Nanjing was investigated. Results: The following serious problems in the use of medical oxygen in medical institutionswere investigated: lack of knowledge of medical oxygen product classification, lack of management and other related knowledge and system training, management system is not perfect, production or storage and other functional areas do not meet the regulatory requirements and terminal use of oxygen lacks quality control. Conclusion: It is suggested that the safety requirements of medical oxygen supply management should be included in the access standards of medical institutions. At the same time, medical institutions should strengthen the training of medical oxygen managers, improve the existing management system and increase the quality control measures. In addition, regulators should increase the supervision, and use the joint efforts to jointly strengthen the medical oxygen supervision.