【】Objective: To analyze the changes of medical expenditure structure and related influencing factors of discharged patients with single disease in recent years.Methods: Collect the medical expenditure information of 2014-2016 patients with single disease in a three grade hospital,and analyze the changes of medical expenditure structure through degree of structure variation analysis method,such as value of structure variation(VSV) , degree of structure variation(DSV) and contribution rate of structure variation(SCV). Results: Drug costs, treatment costs and nursing costs are the major factors posing in the change of discharged patients with single disease.Conclusion: The medical price adjustment adopted by the reform of urban public hospitals is the main reason that influences the change of medical expenditure structure. While the cost structure is becoming reasonable, the overall level of medical expenditure is still higher. Further reform and management measures are needed to strengthen the cost management.