objective: to understand the blood donation intention and obstacle factors of community residents, college students and street blood donors in Anhui Province, and to provide reference for further promoting the free blood donation in Anhui Province. Methods: Stratified random sampling was used to select the sample population and self-made questionnaire survey was carried out on the sample population. Results: 2000 questionnaires were distributed, and the effective response rate was 99.6 . The proportion of college students without blood donation is the highest among the three groups, while the street donors are the lowest; low knowledge and policy knowledge is one of the reasons why the three groups do not want to donate blood. Among the three groups of people who have no history of blood donation, they are unwilling to donate blood mainly because they are afraid of affecting their health, being afraid of infectious diseases and fear of pain; the main reason why those who have a history of blood donation are unwilling to donate blood again is that they are not well after blood donation and their physical condition is not suitable. The previous experience of blood donation was not pleasant.Conclusion: It is suggested that propaganda and education should be carried out, preferential policies should be carried out, blood donation motivation should be promoted, and blood donation environment should be improved so as to remove people's concern about blood donation and make them join the blood donation team better.