Objective To provide suggestions on regulating patient engagement and improving patient experience, investigate the proper situation of both inpatients and outpatients engagement in medical service and explore influencing factors. Method A survey with self-made questionnaire was undertaken to 912 randomly selected patients in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province. Result The degree of patients’ overall experience and participation is relatively high. The highest score and lowest score were 4.140.68, 3.680.69 respectively in dimensions of notification and participation of treatment decision-making. Associating factors were analyzed in the unordered multi-class logistic regression. Older patients, patients from Tertiary Hospital and patients with acute illness were deeply involved in decision-making. Conclusion Medical institutions should identify patients’ preferences and personality, and then encourage their participation. Medical staffs and the general public should transform traditional conceptions, reconstruct doctor-patient relationship and provide a harmonious social atmosphere for patient engagement.