通识教育视阈下医学专业课程的设计与实践
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1.南京医科大学人文社会科学学院;2.河海大学社科处;3.南京医科大学医教所

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G640

基金项目:

“高等教育过程公平视域下大学生就业状态研究”(项目编号:2018SJA0028);南京医科大学2017 年教育研究课题“基于全球医学教育最低标准的高等医学院校人文课程整合研究”(项目编号QN2017128);南京医科大学人文医学协同创新中心2017 年课题“基于全球医学教育最低标准的高等医学院校人文类课程整合研究”(项目编号: 17RA008)。


The Design and Practice of Medical Curriculum from the Perspective of General Education
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1.hohai university;2.nanjing medical university

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    摘要:

    通识教育理念和课程设计已成为全球高等教育发展的共识。中国大学在借鉴发达国家通识教育的基础上,逐步形成基于本国国情和校情实际的通识教育实践路径。独立设置医科大学因相对较“专”的学科背景,一度陷入过度专业的发展境地。增设人文类选修课以弥补现有课程体系的不足是医科大学的共同选择。研究选取四所案例学校,分析比较其人文类选修课程的建设和实施情况。继而以其中一所大学课程体系改革为例,在医学专业教育现有框架内合理建构通识课程体系,表现为:人文类的公共必修课、选修课和医学人文课程的有效衔接,医学基础课和临床技能训练中的人文渗透,通过PBL课程打通人文和医学的界限,突出课程全过程的人文导向。进而提出通识教育与医学专业教育相结合的课程改进思路:理念层面需要寻求高等教育发展在内部适切性与外部适切性之间的平衡,通识教育理念的本土化也是必须面对的问题;实践层面需要关注理念是否落到实处,以及因打破原有课程体系壁垒可能在短期内出现的课程专业性、系统性和结构化等方面的负向问题。

    Abstract:

    The concept of general education and the curricula design have become the consensus of the development of higher education in the world. Chinese universities have gradually formed the path from the national conditions and the reality of the school on the basis of the general education from developed countries. Multidisciplinary medical universitiesSonce fell into the development situation of overspecialization because of the relatively "specialized" discipline background. It is the common choice of the medical universities to add the elective courses of humanities to make up the deficiency of the existing curriculum system. Four cases of university are selected to analyze and compare the construction and implementation of the humanities elective courses in the paper. Then, choosing one of the university curriculum system reform as an example, it is reasonable to construct the general curriculum system in the existing framework of medical education, which shows the effective connection between the public compulsory courses, elective courses and medical humanities courses, the humanistic penetration in the basic medical courses and the clinical skills training, highlighting the humanistic orientation of the whole curriculum by setting PBL course which breaks boundaries of humanities and medical. And puts forward the idea of curriculum improvement in the combination of general education and medical professional education: it"s need to seek the balance between the development of higher education in the internal and external relevance and face the problem of localization of general education concept in the idea level; it"s also need to pay attention to whether the idea is put into practice and negative problems of professionalism, systematization and structuralism because of breaking barriers of the existing curriculum system in the practical level.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-10-31
  • 最后修改日期:2019-03-28
  • 录用日期:2020-06-19
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