Objective To understand the basic composition, service ability and income of family doctors in Pukou District of Nanjing, and to analyze the cognition of family doctors' contracting services, in order to formulate grassroots health manpower planning for government departments and comprehensively promote family doctors' contracting services. Methods Qualitative and quantitative methods were combined to conduct,a questionnaire survey on 287 members of the family doctor team in Pukou District, and conducted in-depth interviews with 31 key informants.Results Various community health service centers in Pukou District have actively established family doctors' teams, but there are still problems such as insufficient family doctors' service ability, unreasonable professional ratio of team structure, and low treatment. Most of the family doctors understand the contents of family doctors' contract services,support team signing method; Limited professional and technical level and contract service to increase service workload is the main difficulty encountered by family doctors in fulfilling contract service. Conclusion Multi-channel improvement of family doctor service ability, optimization of family doctor team professional configuration structure, improvement of family doctor team member income, establishment of team member cooperation mechanism can improve the construction of family doctor team in Pukou District, enhance family doctors' confidence and promote family doctor contract service Further development.