The database of ESI has become an important tool in China which is used to evaluate first-class disciplines by the Ministry of Education and institutions. And to enter and promote their ESI ranking of disciplines becomes the essential development goal of institutions. In order to observe the current development situation of the academic level of medical disciplines in our country, this paper selects 21 representative colleges and three representative disciplines, namely, chemistry, clinical medicine and pharmacology and toxicology, and monitors their ESI rankings and related indicators from August 2017 to July 2018. The results of quantitative analysis showed that there are 7 institutions among the world top 1‰ in all 3 disciplines; during the monitoring period all institutions rankings were steady and rising in the 3 disciplines, among which pharmacology and toxicology showed a clear upward trend and made the greatest progress; the general feature of the paper indicator ranking was that the ranking of the number of papers was higher than the ranking of the number of total citations, and the ranking of citation per paper came last; in addition, the numbers of high-level papers are relatively low in three disciplines. It is advised that institutions should put an emphasis on the strategies of improving the discipline construction by use of ESI to provides decision-making basis for talent introduction, building discipline team, recognizing academic journals with good reputation, performance evaluation, etc, and strengthen the cultivation of landmark and major achievements and break through the limitations of winning by volume in the past, in order to take full advantage of ESI to improve the strength and output of research, with a view to further promoting the “Double World-Class” construction.