With the development of the society, various new discoveries and re-emerging infectious disease keep emerging, which increasingly become a severe challenge for the international community and governments. Publicity is the essential feature of epidemic, and social prevention and control as well as medical intervention is the two basic approaches about the epidemic. However, as most emerging infectious diseases are caused by viruses, it is difficult to prevent their occurrence and spread by relying on medical prevention and control alone, so it is necessary for social prevention and control to play an important role. However, in the fight against the "the Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak ", it exposed that China's social prevention and control able to deal with sudden epidemic is insufficient.Therefore, it is suggested to promote the construction of the social prevention and control system, so as to establish a perfect and effective public health emergency management system and better solve the epidemic.