The emerging major infectious diseases are often unable to adopt effective treatment measures in time due to their high infectivity, fast spreading speed, wide spreading range and rapid development of the disease, resulting in a higher mortality rate. As an important backbone force in preventing and controlling the continuous spread of the emerging major infectious diseases in China, the improvement of crisis management capabilities in hospitals is the difficulty and focus of epidemic prevention and control．Aimed at the current status and existing problems of the emerging major infectious disease response system at the hospital level in China, and based on the "4R" theory of crisis management, this paper proposes to establish crisis awareness, improve medical emergency plans, establish a coordinated deployment mechanism, strengthen the construction of emergency teams, strengthen information system construction, and establish an evaluation and recovery mechanism to provide references for the hospitals to respond to emerging major infectious diseases from three aspects of prevention function, processing and control function, and evaluation function.