In recent years, some progress has been made in promoting the contracted family doctor service in Jiangsu Province, but there are still some problems such as unbalanced development and irregular management. The contracted service of family doctors from the perspective of residents is one of the performance evaluation management contents for the contracted services of primary health. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the effectiveness of contracted family doctor services and the factors limiting development from the perspective of residents, and to provide scientific evidences for the development of contracted family doctor services in Jiangsu Province.. From September to November 2019, 1290 residents who had signed contracts and 1102 residents who had not were selected randomly from fifty primary-level medical and health care institutions of family doctor service model in Jiangsu Province to carry out the comprehensive evaluation residents questionnaire of contracted family doctor service. Data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. The analysis of the questionnaire results showed that health status, annual expenditure due to disease, population type, family doctors understanding of signing a contract, understanding of preferential policies after signing the contract, and acceptance of primary diagnosis had significant influence on whether residents signed up for family doctors (P<0.05).It is suggested to strengthen publicity, ensure the signing service of key groups, strengthen the information construction, and improve the talent training mechanism, so as to improve the ability of primary medical service, further promote the quality and efficiency of the contracted services of family doctors.