【Abstract】Objective To analyze the health service efficiency and to probe the problems existing in the allocation of health service resources in the township health centers of Maanshan City, and to put forward suggestions for optimizing the allocation efficiency of health service resources in the township health centers of Maanshan City.?Methods Taking government input, health technicians and fixed assets as input indexes, and annual outpatient and emergency patient visits, annual inpatient visits and annual public health service visits as output indexes, data envelopment analysis was used to analyze the health service efficiency of sample township health centers in Maanshan City in 2019. Two basic DEA models (CCR model, BCC model) and scale efficiency model were used. Results The average comprehensive efficiency, the average pure technical efficiency and the average scale efficiency were 0.737, 0.881 and 0.837 respectively.?The DEA of 8 rural health centers is relatively effective, accounting for 26.67%. 6 rural health centers are located in suburban areas, and only 2 rural health centers are located in remote towns, indicating that the health efficiency of rural health centers is significantly higher than that of remote rural health centers.?In terms of input, the rural health centers located in the suburbs had higher input than the rural health centers in the remote areas.?The situation is basically the same in terms of outputs;?From the perspective of scale efficiency, 18 township hospitals are in the state of diminishing return to scale, 4 township hospitals are in the state of increasing return to scale, and 8 township hospitals are in the state of equilibrium return to scale, indicating that there is a common situation of redundancy in the health service input of township hospitals in this city. Advice Strengthen the service capacity to promote the city's township health center health service resource allocation efficiency improvement;?Rational allocation of health resources to avoid extensive expansion;?Improve the management level and strengthen the township health center human resources construction, to achieve the connotative growth;?Pay equal attention to medical treatment and prevention, and jointly improve the service efficiency of township health centers.