Intertemporal decision-making is one of the hotspots in the field of behavioral science in recent years, and research shows that it has high application value in the field of health behavior of patients with chronic diseases. By reviewing relevant domestic and foreign literature, this article summarizes and evaluates the related concepts of intertemporal decision-making and its application progress in the field of chronic disease health behavior, extracts its core elements, and analyzes its role in chronic disease management in my country, trying to provide new perspectives and strategies for designing effective intervention programs for the health behavior of patients with chronic diseases.