In order to understand the research status and hot research directions in the field of health risk communication under public health events, this paper uses CiteSpace to visually analyze 290 selected literatures. The study found that under public health events, health risk communication has attracted much attention and continued to rise in recent years; After further combing and reading the literature, we defined different subjects based on the main characteristics involved in the communication process. The research is carried out by the government, health professionals, media and the public,and we summarized and drawed the relationship diagram of various subjects under public health events, and then mainly discusses the research status. Through literature research, it is found that at this stage, health risk communication has changed from one-way public health education mode to multi-agent interactive communication mode. Trust and interaction are the key factors affecting the communication process. The hot research direction should be how the public, the media and other subjects participate in health risk communication and how to play a role in the mutual communication process. The measurement of the relationship between the subjects and the weight in the communication process is still an issue to be studied.