Abstract: Based on the three-stage SBM model and the Malmquist index method， the allocation efficiency of medical and health resources in 31 provinces and cities ( excluding Hong Kong， Macao and Taiwan ) in China from 2015 to 2020 is evaluated statically and dynamically. The results showed that after eliminating environmental factors and random errors ，the average comprehensive efficiency of health resource allocation in China from 2015 to 2020 was 0.72，and the average total factor productivity was 0.937. Among them ，the technological progress index decreased by 5.4 %，the pure technical efficiency change index decreased by 0.7 %，and the scale efficiency change index decreased by 0.3 %. From 2015 to 2020，the overall efficiency of health resource allocation in China showed a downward trend， and technological progress had obvious constraints. There are large differences in the allocation efficiency between regions and provinces ；regional gross domestic product， resident population and urbanization levels have a significant indigenous impact on allocation efficiency. It is suggested to improve efficiency based on appropriate development scale and driven by technological progress. Focusing on regional coordination， enhancing the balance， fairness and accuracy of health resource input ；to improve the external environment as a break through， improve the health service system.