The medical insurance fund is closely related to people's livelihood, and its fraudulent behavior will seriously damage people's vital interests.?In this paper, based on the 372 documents of medical insurance fund fraud cases through "China judgment online" from early 2011 to late 2021, it reveals the typical characteristics of medical insurance fund fraudulent behavior with diversified subjects, complex means and concealed behavior,. Additionally, based on the theoretical ideas related to crime prevention and the basic framework of the current crime prevention system in China, the paper puts forward several countermeasures by deepening institutional reform, building a regulatory system, optimizing market order, raising the cost of crime, and improving the rule of law and moral education., aiming to build up an all-round, multi-level and all-participant system for preventing fraudulent and deceptive behavior of medical insurance funds, and to provide scientific decision-making references for the safe usage and healthy management of the medical insurance fund.