62 literatures were qualitatively analyzed by literature analysis and grounded theory, and 364 reference points were obtained by NVivo software coding; After repeated analysis, comparison and contact, three core categories of individual cognitive differences, institutional policy background and doctor-patient resource strategy are condensed, so as to build a conceptual model of the influencing factors of doctor-patient disputes in county hospitals; From the three dimensions of cognition, system and resources, this paper puts forward five strategies for county hospitals to prevent the crisis of doctor-patient disputes, so as to promote hospital managers to plan ahead, improve the ability to timely identify and deal with the potential crisis of the hospital, and reduce the risk of doctor-patient disputes.