Undergraduate participation in scientific research can give well play to the important role of education in the cultivation of innovative talents. In undergraduate students to participate in scientific research, scientific research task under the condition of power is insufficient, this research based on grounded theory research methods, based on a university undergraduate innovation training center of scientific research task, made some innovative achievements of undergraduates to carry out in-depth interviews, access to research data and through the concept and category of refining, undergraduate students to participate in the research of dynamic factors framework. The results show that undergraduates" participation in scientific research is influenced by three main categories, including participation ability, participation need and participation situation, and their corresponding 10 sub-categories. The model provides a theoretical basis for how to stimulate undergraduates to participate in scientific research innovation.