The COVID-19 pandemic, as a high-intensity external impact, has an impact on the education of innovation and entrepreneurship courses in colleges and universities and the willingness of college students to start businesses. In this paper, 1117 students from 41 public medical undergraduate colleges in 27 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions were surveyed. The results showed that innovation and entrepreneurship education did not improve the entrepreneurial intention of college students. The impact of COVID-19 has reduced the degree of satisfaction of college students on innovation and entrepreneurship courses, but increased the willingness of medical college students to start businesses. The effect of COVID-19 on college students" willingness to start businesses is mediated by the degree of satisfaction on innovation and entrepreneurship courses. Further research shows that the impact of COVID-19 and course satisfaction mainly affect the entrepreneurial intention of non-medical students in medical schools. According to the research conclusions, the paper puts forward relevant policy.