In order to promote the construction of laboratory safety and reduce laboratory safety accidents in China, the literature related to laboratory safety in universities and colleges in China from 2012 to 2022 was analyzed by the method of bibliometrics. At the same time, 28 major laboratory safety accidents in universities and colleges in China from 2012 to 2022 were investigated. This paper analyzes the causes of laboratory safety accidents in domestic universities, and puts forward relevant countermeasures. The results show that human factors, goods factors, environmental factors and management factors are the main causes of accidents. Furthermore, countermeasures are proposed around implementing laboratory safety responsibilities, carrying out laboratory safety inspections, conducting comprehensive training on teachers and students" safety education concepts, establishing emergency plans, regularly conducting safety exercises, and improving laboratory information construction, etc. At the same time, a college laboratory safety risk early warning mechanism is constructed to improve the college laboratory safety management system. To avoid the occurrence of safety accidents at the source, and to provide reference for the risk management and control of Chinese university laboratories.