This study investigated the attitudes and anxiety about marriage and fertility of some students in a medical academy to understand the enthusiasm and anxiety factors of marriage and fertility of current medical college students, so as to provide evidence for eliminating or alleviating marriage and fertility anxiety. Focus group interviews were conducted with 12 randomly selected medical students of different majors to extract key information by using semi-structured interview method. Following the steps of grounded theory research method, the data were coded and analyzed with the help of qualitative analysis software NVivo11plus, and four core categories of marriage attitude, fertility attitude, marriage anxiety and fertility anxiety of medical college students were summarized and discussed respectively. According to the research, the interviewed students yearn for a great marriage and fertility with ripe timing and complete conditions, but the contradiction between ideal marriage and reality forms resistance and becomes the source of marriage and fertility anxiety. Families and colleges should pay attention to the mental health of students, pay attention to emotional care, the government and social employers to improve working conditions for young employees, increase employment opportunities, protect the legitimate rights and interests of employees during marriage and childbirth, and pay attention to the guidance of public opinion, and work together to help eliminate or alleviate marriage and fertility anxiety.