To promote the deep integration and development of toxicology with other disciplines, we have systematically reviewed and organized relevant literature, clearly outlining the evolution of toxicology. We have delved into and comprehensively explained the current state of development and broad application prospects of cross-disciplinary research in the field of toxicology, through its intersections with environmental science, biomedical science, tissue engineering, and artificial intelligence, among others. Our aim is to provide robust theoretical support and practical guidance for further innovation and advancement in this domain. The results indicate that the integration of multiple disciplines not only promotes the solution of scientific research problems in both directions, but also provides new ideas and methods for improving the ecological environment and safeguarding human health. Therefore, in the basic teaching of modern toxicology, attention should also be paid to guiding students in cross application thinking, expanding the breadth of teaching content, and cultivating more high-level composite talents for the future development of toxicology.