Health work is an important component of national governance, and a key factor in maintaining national health and promoting economic development and social stability. In the early days of new China, the new regime organized itself into “epidemic prevention and medical teams ”to carry out health work at the primary-level, and through the promotion of the practice of “stimulating emotional identity (epidemic prevention and treatment) - transforming ideology and culture (education and propaganda) --Strengthening of the team system (training of cadres) - Stabilization of social order (establishment of organizations)”, it promotes the sinking and rooting of national power to the grassroots, and provides sufficient guarantee for the reconstruction of social governance at the primary-level. From the perspective of the work of the anti-epidemic medical teams, health work has contributed to the reconstruction of primary-level governance in the following ways: the establishment of a relational orientation at the conceptual governance level, the generation of endogenous dynamics at the technical governance level, the promotion of political identity at the emotional governance level, and the shaping of modern concepts at the cultural governance level.