Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), as a cutting-edge technology integrating biological brains with intelligent machines, is reshaping the technological paradigm for neurological disease diagnosis/treatment and human capability enhancement. By deconstructing the technological development roadmap of BCI, this paper systematically compares the performance characteristics of invasive and non-invasive technologies, combining practical cases such as Neuralink's implantable chips and BrainCo's non-invasive brainwave headband to reveal technological evolution patterns. Research indicates that invasive BCI has achieved breakthroughs in functional rehabilitation, while non-invasive technology accelerates commercialization through advantages like high safety and low cost. Current technological development faces multiple challenges including signal decoding bottlenecks, carbon-silicon integration risks, cost and accessibility barriers, which require sequential breakthroughs. Neuralink and BrainCo are respectively leading global development directions for contact-based and contactless BCI. China needs to vigorously promote clinical translation and large-scale application of BCI technology, cultivate industrial ecosystem development, and establish itself as a global innovation hub for brain science.