In order to understand the current status of health services in rural elderly-friendly communities in Anhui Province and to optimize the quality of these services,this study,based on the New Public Service theory,establishes a dual-layer analytical framework for both material and psychological aspects.It selects six rural elderly-friendly communities in Anhui Province as research objects through stratified sampling.The study finds that the communities surveyed face prominent issues such as low popularization rates of age-friendly renovations,uneven distribution of medical security resources,weak sense of ownership among the elderly,and lack of motivation for participation.Accordingly,this paper proposes strategies to optimize the demand guidance mechanism for age-friendly renovations,promote balanced allocation of regional medical resources,innovate the operation model of public facilities,and establish a gradual governance system for elderly participation.These strategies aim to promote the transformation of health services in rural elderly-friendly communities in Anhui Province from“basic security type”to“quality development type”and provide references for national aging governance work.