This study adopted the DEA-BCC model for static analysis and the DEA-Malmquist for dynamic analysis of the health resource allocation efficiency of 11 prefecture-level cities in Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2023, and the DEA-Tobit model for regression analysis of the influence of environmental factors on their health resource allocation efficiency. The results show that compared with 2015, the average values of comprehensive technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of health service resource allocation in various cities of Zhejiang Province have all increased in 2023. From 2015 to 2023, the Malmquist index in Zhejiang Province generally fluctuated upward. The decline of the Malmquist index was mainly affected by the Technological Progress Index (TC). Among environmental factors, population density is positively correlated with the DEA technical efficiency and scale efficiency indices, per capita disposable income is positively correlated with the DEA technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency indices, and the proportion of health expenditure in general budget expenditure is negatively correlated with the DEA technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency indices.