The article examines the evolution of influenza medical narratives from a historical perspective, revealing their interactive logic with society and technology. Ancient narratives centered on empirical observation and cultural logic, and despite limitations in microbial cognition, they established early explanatory models using Broussonetia papyrifera. The modern era, marked by the 1918 "Spanish Flu," exhibited a tension between "scientific rationality and social critique" in its narrative characteristics: scientific rationality fostered wakefulness, systematically documenting symptoms and exploring viral mechanisms, while social critique intensified, exposing wartime political distortions and other phenomena. In the contemporary era, driven by technological revolution and interdisciplinary integration, narratives demonstrate a fusion of "technology-society systems": molecular biology deciphers viruses, prevention and treatment strategies become scientific and systematic, and narrative frameworks expand. The evolution of influenza medical narratives signifies Homo sapiens' cognitive leaps in understanding disease, reflecting shifts in social culture and technology. Its insights suggest that enhancing public health literacy and advancing medical innovation are key to addressing future public health crises, with the goal now shifting toward sustainable symbiosis among "life-virus-society."