To provide evidence-based support for optimizing hypertension control strategies in China by systematically analyzing the key influencing factors and their social determinants. Using the Keywords"hypertension control", "influencing factors" and "social determinants" as search terms, we systematically searched Chinese and foreign databases such as CNKI, Pub Med and Web of Science from 2014 to 2024, and 137 literatures were retained after screening. The influential factors of blood pressure control were extracted by literature analysis, key factors were screened according to Pareto rule, and classified based on social determinants of health model. Among the 64 factors influencing blood pressure control extracted, the top 20 factors accounted for 79.69% cumulatively. These were classified as the main factors influencing blood pressure control. The constructed model covered three aspects: biological and genetic factors (35.97%), such as age, gender, and coexisting chronic diseases; individual lifestyle (43.87%), such as exercise frequency, smoking, dietary habits, and medication compliance; and social factors (20.16%), such as educational level and income level. Optimizing the prevention and control of hypertension should be grounded in health social determinants and employ a stratified intervention strategy. This includes targeting individual lifestyle modifications at the behavioral level, managing risks associated with biological and genetic factors at the physiological level, and enhancing social and environmental support at the structural level. These efforts aim to systematically improve the efficacy of hypertension prevention and treatment.