This study employs the fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) method to analyze 27 typical cases of integrated healthcare and public health services across the country, aiming to identify generalized implementation pathways for such integration. The results indicate that none of the six antecedent conditions—system integration, organizational management, service delivery, personnel support, information infrastructure, and performance incentives—individually constitute a necessary condition for achieving integration. However, through configuration analysis, three distinct pathways leading to a high level of integration were identified: the "administration-led" path, the "personnel-supported" path, and the "digitally-driven" path. The study demonstrates that the effective advancement of integrated healthcare and public health within compact county-level healthcare consortia relies on the combinatorial matching and synergistic interaction of multiple conditions. Therefore, regions should select implementation paths that align with their local resource endowments and enhance the overall effectiveness of integration by strengthening coordination among key elements.