具身的实践:洪式闾与中国寄生虫学的本土生成(1920–1955)
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南京医科大学马克思主义学院

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国家社会科学基金重大项目:当代传染病防治的历史研究与数据库建设(20&ZD224)


Embodied Practice: Hong Shilü and the Indigenous Genesis of Chinese Parasitology (1920–1955)
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    摘要:

    本文引入“具身化”理论视角,重新审视洪式闾教授在中国现代寄生虫学奠基时期的研究实践。洪式闾的卓越贡献在于,他并非简单地应用西方寄生虫学知识,而是通过其身体的亲临、技术的亲手、组织的亲建与知识的亲授,开创了一种“具身的科学”范式。这种范式强调:科学认知源于科学家身体嵌入疫区现场的直接感知;技术发明是科学家双手适应本土资源约束的创造性转化;组织构建是科研主体扎根地方社会网络的制度体现;知识传播是科学理念融入民众身体习惯的文化过程。通过对洪式闾在肺吸虫病、钩虫病等防治工作中“具身实践”的深度剖析,旨在揭示中国现代科学“本土化”进程中一种深刻且能动的实现机制,为反思科学的实践本质与当代科技自主自强提供了思想资源。

    Abstract:

    This paper introduces the perspective of "embodiment" theory to re-examine Professor Hong Shilu's research practices during the founding period of modern parasitology in China. Hong's outstanding contribution lies not in the mere application of Western parasitological knowledge but in pioneering an "embodied science" paradigm—through personally immersing himself in epidemic areas, improving techniques with his own hands, establishing organizations, and imparting scientific knowledge firsthand. This paradigm emphasizes: scientific cognition stems from scientists' direct sensory experiences gained through bodily embeddedness in epidemic sites; technological innovation involves creative adaptation by scientists' hands under local resource constraints; organizational building reflects institutionalized efforts to root research subjects in local social networks; and knowledge dissemination constitutes a cultural process of integrating scientific concepts into the daily bodily habits of the public. Through an in-depth analysis of Hong's "embodied practices" in combating diseases such as paragonimiasis and hookworm, aimed at revealing a profound and dynamic mechanism in the "localization" process of modern Chinese science, offering critical intellectual resources for rethinking the practical essence of science and advancing contemporary technological self-reliance.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-12-22
  • 最后修改日期:2026-01-15
  • 录用日期:2026-01-16
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