As a vital vehicle for the opening-up of education, Chinese-Foreign Cooperation in Running Schools (CFCRS) has played a critical role in promoting the reform of China''s educational system, broadening talent cultivation pathways, and enhancing the global influence and competitiveness of Chinese education. It has met the public''s demand for diverse and international education, thereby attracting widespread attention. In recent years, CFCRS at the doctoral and master''s levels in medical education has achieved significant progress in both quality and quantity. This study systematically reviews 40 medical-related CFCRS institutions and programs, analyzing their models across the dimensions including governance structure, talent output, and curriculum and program design. The findings reveal that these initiatives generally exhibit characteristics of heavy reliance on imported curricula, insufficient international embedding, and limited clinical translation. Building on these findings, this study proposes pathways for the development of postgraduate medical cooperative education through policy and institutional guidance, talent development strategies, and educational integration and innovation, aiming to provide both theoretical insights and practical guidance for Chinese medical schools and universities to overcome bottlenecks and achieve both quality enhancement and structural optimization in CFCRS.